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A yacht club is a sports club specifically related to sailing and yachting. Yacht Clubs are mostly located by the sea, although there are some prestigious ones that have been established at a lake or riverside location, like the Württembergischer Yacht Club in Friedrichshafen, Germany. All yacht or sailing clubs have either a marina or a delimited section of the beach or shoreline with buoys marking the areas off-limits for swimmers as well as safe offshore anchorages. On shore they also include a perimeter reserved for the exclusive use of the members of the club as well as a clubhouse with attached bar, café or restaurant where members socialize in a pleasant and informal setting.
Although the terms Yacht Club and Sailing Club tend to be synonymous, some general differences regarding the recreational use of boats can be broadly outlined. Historically a Yacht Club tended to focus on a membership composed of yacht owners. This type of club often was extremely exclusive, attracting the aristocracy or the high class and leaving small boat owners out of the circle. On the other hand, a Sailing Club tended to focus on a membership composed of owners of smaller boats such as dinghies. These became very popular towards the end of the 19th century when small boats began to be produced on an industrial scale.
Yacnt clubs are often known by their acronym (eg New York Yacht Club abbreviated to NYYC) and the Yacht Club of Kiel, is also known as "Küz" from its acronym "KYC". Many important yacht clubs have been established under royal patronage or have been given it at some point in their history, like the Yacht Club de France or the Royal Yacht Squadron.
Organized and run by the membership, Yacht Clubs became a place to promote the sport of sailboat racing and cruising, as well as provide a meeting place for the particular social community. The membership is a mixture of people with specific recreational affinities. Generally, the members include those who sail as crew for cruising or racing, as well as boat owners. Also it is up to the members decide on the objectives of the club to satisfy the membership and to attract other like-minded individuals. For example, some clubs include owners of powerboats, while others specifically exclude them. In order to overcome difficulties concerning the affinities of their members one particular club may have two sections, a sailing saction and a powerboat section.
Members Clubs often have paid staff for catering, bar duty, boat yard duty, accounts, office etc. Control and organization of the club is done for the membership via members elected by the membership into roles such as Sailing Secretary, Commodore, Cruising Captain, Racing Captain etc. Smaller clubs typically have a condition of membership which requires active participation of the membership in activities such as maintenance of club facilities and equipment.
Unlike the classical clubs where the membership is the focus, certain clubs are run on a commercial basis. They may be owned by individuals or a company to provide a service and generate a profit. Often they are associated with a particular marina or port. Objectives are usually very similar to members clubs but the social side maybe more dominant.
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Traditions
There is a long historical tradition behind yacht clubs. The first Yacht Club in the world was the Royal Cork Yacht Club, founded in 1720. According to the date of establishment, the Neva Yacht Club, founded two years earlier in 1718, should have been the oldest yacht club, and often it is counted as such.1 However, since this Russian Yacht Club was established by a decree of emperor Peter the Great, it does not qualify as a proper club, understood as a voluntary association of members who organize and run the club. Therefore, the Royal Cork Yacht Club is widely acknowledged as the oldest yacht club in the world, despite having gone through periods of dormancy and undergone name changes in its long history.2 It was only in 1846 that the first yacht club in Russia to adopt British-style Members Club regulations was established.
Nowadays some of the world's most renowned Yacht Clubs are located in the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada and the United States. The first yacht club in North America was the Royal Nova Scotia Yacht Squadron, located on the Northwest Arm in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada established in July 1837.3
Racing and Sailing Activities
Most clubs, regardless of the size of their craft, have a well defined racing program. Clubs may host regattas ranging from informal local events to national championships. Often clubs have a regular weekday evening racing schedule or a weekend racing schedule organized by the membership. Many yacht clubs field teams to compete against other clubs in team racing. There are also some specific boat models and lengths which have their own club. These boat ownership clubs often hold single design races for their members; the Islander 36 association is such a club. With the growth of sailing at secondary schools and universities many yacht clubs host Interscholastic Sailing Association or Intercollegiate Sailing Association regattas. Additionally, some yacht clubs enter into agreements with schools to provide dock space and practice facilities for the school teams year-round.
Clubs with active adult sailing programs most often feature junior sailing programs as well. Most often these programs enroll children from ages 8 to 16. Children most often learn to sail in the optimist (dinghy) and then progress to the laser dinghy or 420 (dinghy). These junior sailing programs often also teach children rowing, kayaking, general seamanship and navigation. Children are also taught how to race competitively from an early age and most clubs host junior sailing regattas each season.
Yacht club burgee
Members belonging to a yacht club or sailing organization may fly their club's unique flag (usually triangular), called a burgee, both while under way and at anchor (however, not while racing). Traditionally, the burgee was flown from the main masthead, however it may also be flown from a small pole on the bow pulpit, or even the starboard rigging beneath the lowest starboard spreader on a flag halyard. Some traditional clubs have also been granted the right to fly a special yacht ensign at the stern.
At traditional clubs the burgee and the ensign is hoisted at 0800 hours each morning and lowered each evening at sunset. This ceremony is called colours. Traditionally, the first time a member of one club visits another, there is an exchange of burgees. Exchanged burgees are often displayed on the premises of Clubs, such as at their clubhouse or bar.
Organization
Yacht clubs are organized like any other club or organisation with committees, chairman, directors etc etc. Due to the connection with the sea and hence the navy, the various posts use naval terminology. For example the chairman/CEO is the Commodore. Usually, under the Commodore there are also the Vice Commodore (in charge of land-based activities) and the Rear Commodore (in charge of water-based activities); for clubs in the United States they might in turn be assisted by the Port Captain and the Fleet Captain respectively. In a few clubs in the United Kingdom the Admiral, which is one rank above the Commodore, is the senior officer. Each of these ranks has specific responsibilities to ensure the smooth running of the club. Additionally, yacht clubs often have dress codes and many mandate a coat and tie while inside.
Use of the term "Yacht Club"
The traditions and prestige normally associated with "yacht clubs" have to some extent been subverted or appropriated unofficially by groups and businesses calling themselves yacht clubs. For example the "Gowanus Yacht Club" is a beer garden in Brooklyn, NY4 and the "Samui Yacht Club" is a beach resort in Ko Samui, Thailand.5 These so-called "yacht clubs" don't necessarily involve sailing on the private yachts of their members as their main purpose or activity, but often outwardly maintain a nautical or water-oriented theme.
Tonkin Gulf Yacht Club was the unofficial name for the United States Seventh Fleet during the Vietnam War. In this case the term "yacht club" was appropriated with humorous intentions. The Seventh Fleet's nickname became very popular among its members at the time.6
See also
- Yachting
- Dinghy sailing
- Recreational boating
- Boating
- Power squadrons
- Yacht charter
- Luxury yacht
- Cruising (maritime)