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This article is about with the 2004 Hurricane Jeanne. For other storms of the same name, see Tropical Storm Jeanne.
Hurricane Jeanne
Category 3 hurricane (SSHS)
Hurricane Jeanne as a Category 3 on September 25, 2004, approaching Florida

Hurricane Jeanne as a Category 3 on September 25, 2004, approaching Florida
Formed September 13, 2004
Dissipated September 28, 2004
Highest
winds
120 mph (195 km/h) (1-minute sustained)
Lowest pressure 950 mbar (hPa; 28.06 inHg)
Fatalities 3,035+ direct
Damage $7 billion (2004 USD)
$8 billion (2008 USD)
Areas
affected		 U.S. Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Bahamas, Florida; flooding and damage in other eastern U.S. states
Part of the
2004 Atlantic hurricane season

Hurricane Jeanne was the tenth named storm, the seventh hurricane, and the fifth major hurricane of the 2004 Atlantic hurricane season. It was also the third hurricane and fourth named storm of the season to landfall in Florida. Jeanne affected the U.S. Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, the north-eastern Bahamas, and the U.S. state of Florida. The worst damage occurred in Haiti, where over 3,000 people died as a result of flooding and mudslides caused by the storm.1

Contents

Meteorological history

Storm path
Main article: Meteorological history of Hurricane Jeanne

Tropical Depression Eleven formed from a tropical wave 70 miles (110 km) east-southeast of Guadeloupe in the evening of September 132, and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Jeanne the next day3. Jeanne passed south of the U.S. Virgin Islands on September 154 and made landfall near Yabucoa, Puerto Rico later the same day5. After crossing Puerto Rico it reached hurricane strength on September 16 near the eastern tip of the Dominican Republic on the island of Hispaniola6, but fell back to tropical storm strength later that day as it moved inland across the Dominican Republic7. Jeanne continued to move slowly over the Dominican Republic on September 17 before finally leaving the island late that afternoon8. By that time, Jeanne had declined one more level, to tropical depression strength9. Even though it did not strike Haiti directly, the storm was large enough to cause flooding and mudslides, particularly in the northwestern part of the country.1

Hurricane Jeanne infrared satellite image, taken at landfall on the Florida coast (September 26, 2004 at 12:15 a.m. EDT).

On September 18, while the system was being tracked near Great Inagua and Haiti, a new center formed well to the north-east and the previous circulation dissipated10. The new center strengthened again, becoming a hurricane on September 2011. Jeanne continued to meander for several days (making a complete loop in the process) before beginning a steady westward motion toward the Bahamas and Florida.1

Jeanne continued strengthening as it headed west, passing over Great Abaco in the Bahamas on the morning of September 2512. Shortly thereafter, it reached Category 3 strength13. It maintained this intensity as it passed Grand Bahama during the remainder of the day. At 11:50 p.m. EDT September 25 (0350 UTC September 26), Jeanne made landfall on Hutchinson Island, just east of Sewall's Point, Florida, Stuart, Florida and Port Saint Lucie, Florida, at Category 3 strength14. This is the same place Hurricane Frances struck Florida three weeks earlier15.

Jeanne was the first major (Category 3 or higher) storm to make landfall on the east coast north of Palm Beach, Florida and south of the mouth of the Savannah River since 1899.16

Jeanne's track continued to follow within 20 miles (32 km) of that of Frances until it reached Pasco County17. It then swung more rapidly to the north, and the center remained over land all the way to the Georgia state line, unlike Frances which exited into the Gulf of Mexico. It became extratropical over Virginia on September 28 and the remnant returned to sea off the New Jersey coast the next day. The last advisory was issued when it was 200 miles (320 km) east of New York City and heading east-northeast over the Atlantic.17

Preparations

Puerto Rico

Preparations in Puerto Rico were generally light; few people used window shutters or went to shelters to ride out the storm18.The entire power grid of Puerto Rico was shut down by the government as the storm approached to prevent electrocutions and infrastructure damage.19

Haiti

After the 2004 Haiti coup the elected government were replaced with a new reigme which did not protect the basic survival needs of the Haitian population, this lead to particularly bad consequences of Hurricane Jean.20.

Florida

Radar Image of Jeanne at landfall.

Preparations in Central Florida were rushed and sudden,as it did not become apparent that the storm would make a direct hit until the morning of the 23rd.21 Indeed, it had appeared the storm would pass safely offshore just the night before22. Voluntary evacuations were advised on Thursday, plans for opening shelters on Saturday were distributed to the public, and Florida Power and Light warned that power could be out "for an extended period of time"23. Canals were also drained on the same day.23

On Friday, the Palm Beach Zoo prepared for the storm by moving small animals and birds into buildings such as restrooms and restaurants24. Evacuations began in earnest, with many residents leaving for the Keys, noting that the islands were the only location definitely out of harm's way25. For once, evacuation to the Keys made sense to some.

Impact

Hurricane Jeanne making landfall on the east coast of Hispaniola, Sept. 16.
Deaths from Hurricane Jeanne
Country Total State County County
total		 Direct
deaths
Dominican Republic 18 18
Haiti 3,006+ 3,006+
Puerto Rico 8 4
USA 5 Florida Brevard 1 1
Clay 1 1
Indian River 1 1
South Carolina Fairfield 1 1
Virginia Patrick 1 1
Totals 3,036+ 3,036+
Because of differing sources, totals may not match.

Puerto Rico

Puerto Rico was impacted by tropical storm force winds and heavy rain, with flooding on a historic scale26. The storm made landfall near Maunabo on the 15th at midday27. It initially moved west over the island, but then made a turn back to the NNW, three hours later, it turned west again, exiting on the Northwest coast near the town of Mayagüez around 11PM the same day.27 It passed directly over the towns of Arroyo, Patillas, Guayama and Salinas on its trip over the Commonwealth.27 San Juan reported a wind gust to 73 mph (117 km/h),1 Carolina reported gusts to 71 mph (114 km/h),27 and rainfall ranged from 5.98 inches (152 mm) in the city to over two feet in Vieques28. This resulted in damage to roads, landslides, and collapsed bridges.28 This resulted in one death and the evacuation of 400 people near the Río Grande de Añasco.28 A total of eight people were reported dead in Puerto Rico as a result of Jeanne. Damages from the storm were estimated at $169.5 million (2004 USD).29

Hispaniola

Flooding in Haiti

By September 17, heavy rains totaling about 13 inches (330 mm) in the northern mountains of Haiti caused severe flooding and mudslides in the Artibonite region of the country, causing particular damage in the coastal city of Gonaïves, where it affected about 80,000 of the city's 100,000 residents. As of October 6, 2004 the official report counted 3,006 people dead, with 2,826 of those in Gonaïves alone.30 Another 2,601 people were injured,and 7 people died

Flooding in Haiti

In the Dominican Republic, the storm dumped torrential flooding rains and killing over two dozen.31 Damage totaled $270 million (2004 USD).32

United States

Millions in Florida were left without electricity, some for the third time in a month. There were only five direct deaths in the mainland United States, three in Florida, one in

Storm total Rainfall from Jeanne

South Carolina and one in Virginia. The final US damage was determined to be around $6,900,000,000, making it the 13th costliest hurricane in United States history. It was difficult to isolate this from damage caused by Hurricane Frances (and, around Polk County, and Highlands County, and from Hurricane Charley as well). While Jeanne was highly destructive, it was less so than either Frances or Charley, partly because much of the damage possible had already been done by those storms.

As the storm moved northward east of the Appalachian Mountains, it continued producing heavy rains and flash flooding. Rainfall exceeded 6.00 inches (150 mm) as far north as Trenton, New Jersey, resulting in severe flash flooding in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and its Pennsylvania and New Jersey suburbs on September 28. Tornadoes also touched down in Wilmington, Delaware and Cherry Hill, New Jersey.

Damaged signs in Orlando, Florida caused by Jeanne.

Retirement

See also: List of retired Atlantic hurricane names

The name Jeanne was retired in the spring of 2005 by the World Meteorological Organization and will never be used for an Atlantic hurricane again. It was replaced with Julia for the 2010 season.

See also

Tropical cyclones portal

References

  1. ^ a b c d NHC Tropical Cyclone Report
  2. ^ Tropical Depression ELEVEN
  3. ^ Tropical Storm JEANNE
  4. ^ Tropical Storm JEANNE
  5. ^ Tropical Storm JEANNE
  6. ^ Tropical Storm JEANNE
  7. ^ Hurricane JEANNE
  8. ^ Hurricane JEANNE
  9. ^ Hurricane JEANNE
  10. ^ Hurricane JEANNE
  11. ^ Hurricane JEANNE
  12. ^ Hurricane JEANNE
  13. ^ Hurricane JEANNE
  14. ^ Hurricane JEANNE
  15. ^ NHC Tropical Cyclone Report
  16. ^ CNN.com - Floods, floating coffins left in Jeanne's wake - September 28, 2004
  17. ^ a b 2004 Tropical Cyclone Advisory Archive
  18. ^ Puerto Rico - Local Reports (Caribbean Hurricane Network)
  19. ^ National Climatic Data Center. September 2004 Storm Data. Retrieved on 2007-02-15.
  20. ^ HAITI: EMERGENCY RELIEF FUNDS NEEDED
  21. ^ http://alt.coxnewsweb.com/palmbeachpost/pdf/jeanne/pbp_fri.pdf
  22. ^ Hurricane JEANNE
  23. ^ a b Region starts getting ready
  24. ^ Zoo animals moved to emergency quarters
  25. ^ [1]
  26. ^ Hurricane History
  27. ^ a b c d Tropical Storm Jeanne
  28. ^ a b c Tropical Storm Jeanne: Hydrologic Summary for Puerto Rico and the U
  29. ^ "Event Report: Puerto Rico". National Climatic Data Center. 2004. http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~563901. Retrieved on 2008-12-24. 
  30. ^ USAID. Hurricane relief. Retrieved on 2007-02-16.
  31. ^ Hurricane Jeanne Hammers Haiti and Florida
  32. ^ World Meteorological Organization. Twenty-Seventh Session RA IV Hurricane Committee. Retrieved on 2007-02-15.

External links

Find more about Hurricane Jeanne on Wikipedia's sister projects:

Definitions from Wiktionary
Textbooks from Wikibooks
Quotations from Wikiquote
Source texts from Wikisource
Images and media from Commons
News stories from Wikinews

Learning resources from Wikiversity
v • d • e
Retired Atlantic hurricane names
1950s
Carol • Edna • Hazel • Connie • Diane • Ione • Janet • Audrey
1960s
Donna • Carla • Hattie • Flora • Cleo • Dora • Hilda • Betsy • Inez • Beulah • Camille
1970s
Celia • Agnes • Carmen • Fifi • Eloise • Anita • David • Frederic
1980s
Allen • Alicia • Elena • Gloria • Gilbert • Joan • Hugo
1990s
Diana • Klaus • Bob • Andrew • Luis • Marilyn • Opal • Roxanne • Cesar • Fran • Hortense • Georges • Mitch • Floyd • Lenny
2000s
Keith • Allison (TS) • Iris • Michelle • Isidore • Lili • Fabian • Isabel • Juan • Charley • Frances • Ivan • Jeanne • Dennis • Katrina • Rita • Stan • Wilma • Dean • Felix • Noel


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